Strategi Peningkatan Pendapatan Petani Sagu di Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir

Strategies to Increase the Income of Sago Farmers in the Tidal Swamp Lands of Indragiri Hilir District

Abstract

Sagu merupakan tanaman yang bernilai ekonomi, dapat hidup dengan baik di lahan rawa pasang surut dan sangat berpotensi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tepung dunia mengingat sagu adalah penghasil pati paling tinggi diantara tanaman lainnya dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan petani sagu dan menyusun strategi peningkatan pendapatan petani sagu di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Penelitian dilakukan melalui survey terhadap 280 petani sampel, wawancara mendalam dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Untuk menghitung pendapatan petani dilakukan menggunakan metode analisis usaha meliputi analisis biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan dan RCR. Untuk menyusun strategi dilakukan secara kualitatif melalui analisis tematik dengan pendekatan Miles – Hubberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rp 5.982.838,21/Ha/tahun atau Rp 498.569,85/Ha/bulan dan RCR sebesar 2,94. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani sagu menguntungkan dan layak untuk diusahakan. Namun pendapatan petani masih tergolong rendah dan berpotensi ditingkatkan melalui perbaikan sistem pengelolaan kebun. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pendapatan petani meliputi peningkatan kualitas dan produksi batang sagu melalui perbaikan sistem budidaya, perbaikan sistem pemanenan melalui seleksi batang layak tebang, dan penguatan peran kelembagaan lokal non formal untuk meningkatkan posisi tawar petani.

Sago is a plant that has economic value, can grow well in tidal swamps, and has great potential to meet the world's flour needs, considering that sago is the highest starch producer among other plants and is environmentally friendly. This study aims to analyze the income of sago farmers and develop strategies to increase the income of sago farmers in Indragiri Hilir Regency. The study was conducted through a survey of 280 sample farmers, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). To calculate farmer income, a business analysis method was used, including cost analysis, revenue, income, and RCR. To develop a strategy, a qualitative method was used through thematic analysis with the Miles - Hubberman approach. The results of the study showed that IDR 5,982,838.21 / Ha / year or IDR 498,569.85 / Ha / month and an RCR of 2.94. This shows that sago farming is profitable and feasible to be cultivated. However, farmer income is still relatively low and has the potential to be increased through improving the garden management system. Strategies that can be implemented to increase farmers' income include improving the quality and production of sago trunks through improving cultivation systems, improving harvesting systems through selecting trunks that are suitable for cutting, and strengthening the role of local non-formal institutions to improve farmers' bargaining positions.