THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) DISCLOSURE AND INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON EARNINGS MANAGEMENT WITH PROFITABILITY AS A MODERATING VARIABLE
Abstract
This study aims to examine the influence of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure and Intellectual Capital on earnings management practices, as well as the role of profitability as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019 – 2023 period. The inconsistency of previous research findings regarding the effects of ESG disclosure and Intellectual Capital on earnings management serves as the basis for this study. A quantitative approach is employed, using secondary data obtained from companies’ annual and sustainability reports, and analyzed using SEM-PLS. The results show that ESG disclosure has a negative effect on earnings management, while Intellectual Capital has a positive effect on earnings management. This indicates that companies with a high level of Intellectual Capital tend to have a greater propensity to engage in earnings management practices. In addition, profitability is found to moderate the effect of ESG disclosure on earnings management, but does not moderate the relationship between Intellectual Capital and earnings management. These findings imply that while ESG can serve as a control tool against earnings manipulation, the presence of Intellectual Capital may not necessarily suppress it and may even be utilized to reinforce earnings management practices.
References
Almubarak, W. I., Chebbi, K., & Ammer, M. A. (2023). Unveiling the Connection among ESG, Earnings Management, and Financial Distress: Insights from an Emerging Market. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612348
Amarna, K., Garde Sánchez, R., López-Pérez, M. V., & Marzouk, M. (2024). The effect of environmental, social, and governance disclosure and real earning management on the cost of financing. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 31(4), 3181–3193. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.2740
Andini, R., & Amboningtyas, D. (2020). Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Manajemen Laba Pada Perusahaan Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Owner (Riset Dan Jurnal Akuntansi), 4(2), 557. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v4i2.300
Andriani, N., & Arsjah, R. J. (2022). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital Dan Esg Terhadap Manajemen Laba Yang Dimoderasi Oleh Profitabilitas. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 2(2), 595–610. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v2i2.14646
Anggraini, F., & Gustivani, R. (2022). Do Ceo Characteristics and Women on Boards Drive Earnings Management? Jurnal Akuntansi Multiparadigma, 13(3), 461–471. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jamal.2022.13.3.34
Ardiansyah, N. P., & Sadikin, D. S. (2023). Pengaruh Intellectual Capital dan Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Manajemen Laba pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018 – 2021. Jurnal Keuangan Dan Perbankan, 20(1), 31–40. https://doi.org/10.35384/jkp.v20i1.500
Astuti, C. D., & Pangestu, N. (2019). Kualitas Audit, Karakteristik Perusahaan Dan Manajemen Laba Riil. Media Riset Akuntansi, Auditing & Informasi, 19(2), 191–208. https://doi.org/10.25105/mraai.v19i2.5442
Borralho, J. M., Hernández-Linares, R., Gallardo-Vázquez, D., & Choban de Sousa Paiva, I. (2022). Environmental, social and governance disclosure’s impacts on earnings management: Family versus non-family firms. Journal of Cleaner Production, 379(December 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134603
Ghaleb, B. A. A., Qaderi, S. A., Almashaqbeh, A., & Qasem, A. (2021). Corporate social responsibility, board gender diversity and real earnings management: The case of Jordan. Cogent Business and Management, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2021.1883222
Jaden Gil Kaligis, & Susi Dwi Mulyani. (2024). Asimetri Informasi, Intellectual Capital Dan Kepemilikan Asing Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 4(2), 957–968. https://doi.org/10.25105/v4i2.20946
Kuncara Widagdo, A., Rahmawati, R., Djuminah, D., & Ratnaningrum, R. (2021). Institutional Ownership, Family Firms, Leverage, and Earnings Management. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Bisnis, 21(2), 252. https://doi.org/10.20961/jab.v21i2.702
Nabiilah, A., & Fahira, H. (2024). Pengaruh Tata Kelola Perusahaan, Kompetensi Auditor Internal dan ESG Terhadap Manajemen Laba: Peran Moderasi Penghindaran Pajak. Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 1(5), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.62017/jemb
Nadiana, S., Mahirun, & Sigit T, M. (2024). Pengaruh Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Modal Intelektual, DanRisiko Bisnis Terhadap Profitabilitas Dengan Inflasi Sebagai VariabelModerasi Pada Perusahaan Yang Melakukan Merger Dan AkuisisiYang Terdaftar Di Bei 2017-2021. Jorunal of Accounting and Management’s Student, 1, 1–15.
Pramesti, K. D., Dwirandra, A. A. N. B., Perusahaan, U., Intelektual, M., & Capital, I. (2024). Moderasi Ukuran Perusahaan dan Modal Intelektual pada Pengaruh Profitabilitas dengan Nilai Perusahaan. 2041–2053.
Putra Marchania, W., & Vinola Herawaty. (2024). Pengaruh Environmental, Social, and Governance, Dan Intellectual Capital Terhadap Manajemen Laba Riil Yang Dimoderasi Oleh Leverage. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 4(2), 1141–1150. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v4i2.21060
Putri, P. C., Kushermanto, A., & Mahmudah, D. A. (2022). Pengaruh Asimetri Informasi, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Leverage, Dan Perencanaan Pajak Terhadap Manajemen Laba Riil. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Feb Unikal 2022 Pengaruh, 822–831.
Rahmawati, E., Sonita, S., Wahyu, A., Kholid, N., Sofyani, H., & Yogyakarta, M. (2022). Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah: Peran Sistem Pengendalian Internal Sebagai Pemediasi. Jurnal Reviu Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 12(2), 346–359. https://doi.org/10.22219/jrak.v12i2.21791
Rantung, D. M., & Salim, S. (2024). Pengaruh Pengungkapan Modal Intelektual, Asimetri Informasi, dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Manajemen Laba Riil. Owner, 8(2), 1659–1668. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v8i2.2030
Silvera, D. L., Heriyani, & Sahara. (2024). Tata Kelola Perusahaan dan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan: Tinjauan atas Pengaruhnya terhadap Penghindaran Pajak dan Praktik Manajemen Laba. Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi Indonesia Padang, 4(1), 35–53. https://doi.org/10.31933/5dz3ke89
Subagio, D. I. (2022). Pengaruh Modal Intelektual Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Manajemen Laba Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Journal of Applied Managerial Accounting, 6(1), 102–114. https://doi.org/10.30871/jama.v6i1.3853
Suchman, M. C. (1995). Managing Legitimacy: Strategic and Institutional Approaches. The Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 571. https://doi.org/10.2307/258788
Sugiyono. (2022). Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Nilai Pasar, Dan Leverage Terhadap Harga Saham Pada Perusahaan Property And Real Estate Yang Terdaftar Di BEI. Jurnal Ilmu Dan Riset Manajemen, 11(6), 1–13. http://jurnalmahasiswa.stiesia.ac.id/index.php/jirm/article/download/4668/4666
Wato, T. (2019). Pengaruh Modal Intelektual Terhadap Manajemen. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis, 24(2), 181–193.
Xaviera, A., & Rahman, A. (2023). Pengaruh Kinerja Esg Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Siklus Hidup Perusahaan Sebagai Moderasi : Bukti Dari Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi Bisnis, 16(2), 226. https://doi.org/10.30813/jab.v16i2.4382
Yanti, I. (2023). Pengaruh Modal Intelektual Dan DPK Terhadap Manajemen Laba Dengan ROA Sebagai Variabel Intervening. 11(1), 165–176. https://doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v11i1.46213
